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cisplatin (cisplatin, CDDP) can be said to be a veritable "old" drug, as early as 1845 by M.Peyrone synthesis, so it is also known as Peyrone salt. Cisplatin entered clinical trials in 1971, the patent of cisplatin was transferred to Squibb in 1977, and it was approved for clinical application by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1978, and is still one of the widely used platinum anticancer drugs in clinical practice. Its cure rate for testicular cancer is almost 100%, and it also has a good effect on malignant tumors such as ovarian cancer, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, and bone cancer. Therefore, it is also known as "penicillin in anti-cancer drugs".
Uses of Cisplatin.
Cisplatin is a platinum-based anticancer drug, which can bind to DNA, cause cross-linking, thus destroying the function of DNA, and inhibit cell mitosis, and is a cell non-specific drug. It has significant curative effect on urogenital tumors, cancerous pleural effusion, head and neck cancer, lung cancer and various sarcomas, and has sensitizing effect on tumor radiation. The product has a wide anti-tumor spectrum, which is used for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian cancer, embryonic cell carcinoma, seminoma, lung cancer, thyroid cancer, lymphosarcoma and reticulosarcoma.
Pharmacological action of Cisplatin.
Cisplatin, also known as cisloroammine platin, chloroammine platin, DDP, tin platin, ethylplatinidine, cis-dichloroammine platin, is a commonly used metal platinum complex, and platinum atoms in molecules have important significance for its anti-tumor effect. But only cis-forms make sense, not trans-forms. It can be cross-linked with DNA strands, showing cytotoxic effects. After dissolution, it can pass through charged cell membranes without carrier transport in the body. Due to the low concentration of chloride ion in the cell (4mmol/L), chloride ion is replaced by water and has a positive charge. It has the function of bisfunctional groups similar to alkylating agents. It can combine with the DNA bases in the nucleus to form three forms of crosslinking, causing DNA damage, destroying DNA replication and transcription, and inhibiting RNA and protein synthesis at high concentrations. Cisplatin has the advantages of wide anti-cancer spectrum, effective hypoxic cells and strong action, and has been widely used in the treatment of testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, bladder cancer, neck cancer, prostate cancer, brain cancer, etc., with remarkable efficacy. However, cisplatin has certain toxicity in the treatment of cancer and can cause side effects, so it is necessary to constantly search for analogues with less toxicity but similar clinical effects to cisplatin.
Product Methods of Bulk Cisplatin powder.
It is prepared by complexing potassium tetrachloroplatinate with ammonium chloride and ammonia.
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