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Camptothecin is a plant anticancer drug obtained from Camptotheca. It has inhibitory effects on a variety of tumours, especially on gastrointestinal tract and head and neck cancers, among others.
However, its clinical application is limited due to its high urinary toxicity. Hydroxycamptothecin, a derivative of camptothecin, is less toxic and is mainly used in the treatment of liver cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer and leukaemia.
The dosage and duration of treatment for both camptothecin and hydroxycamptothecin need to be determined on a patient-by-patient basis. The main toxic reactions to camptothecin are gastrointestinal reactions and bone marrow suppression.
10-Hydroxycamptothecin, a metabolite of camptothecin, has anticancer activity exceeding that of camptothecin, and is also effective in liver and head and neck cancers, with fewer side effects.
Uses of Camptothecin powder.
Comedones bind irreversibly to the DNA topoisomerase I complex, affecting cell cycle progression, and can be used as anticancer agents. It is used in stomach, colon, rectum, head and neck cylindrical tumour type cancers and bladder cancer.
It is mainly used for digestive tract tumours, with better efficacy in gastric, rectal and colon cancers, and can improve the chance of surgical resection for advanced gastric cancer.
It has certain curative effect on head and neck cylindrical adenocarcinoma, bladder cancer and lung adenocarcinoma. It can make the tumour shrink in primary liver cancer, and intravenous injection of camptothecin emulsion can increase the chance of surgical resection of liver cancer, and it is also effective in malignant staphylococcus and chorionic epithelial cancer. Antitumour alkaloids.
Irreversibly binds to the DNA-topoisomerase I complex, inhibits the recombination of DNA after topoisomerase I cleavage, and causes the enzyme to form a covalent linkage with DNA. A cytotoxic antitumour agent.
Physicochemical property of Camptothecin powder.
Pale yellow needle-like crystals. Melting point 264-267°C, [α]D20+31.3° (chloroform:methanol=1:2). Insoluble in water, soluble in chloroform, methanol, ethanol.
Its solution shows violet-blue fluorescence under ultraviolet light, easily deteriorated by light, slightly hygroscopic, shows yellow-green colour when encountered with concentrated sulphuric acid, produces yellow-green fluorescence when diluted with distilled water, is alkaline. React with bismuth potassium iodide to produce orange-red complex salt precipitate.
Tree roots or fruit powder extracted with organic solvents. Toxic, should be careful when extracting, has anti-tumour activity. Used in the treatment of intestinal cancer, rectal cancer, stomach cancer and leukaemia, 10-hydroxycamptothecin is less toxic.
Product method of Bulk Camptothecin powder.
This product is an alkaloid extracted from the roots, bark and fruits of the plant Pleasant Tree of the dove family Dryasiaceae. It can also be produced synthetically. The fruit of hi tree crude powder with 10 times the amount of 80% ethanol immersion for 24 hours, collect the percolated solution, concentrated under reduced pressure to recover ethanol.
Concentrate static clear liquid, extracted with chloroform, distillation of the extract to recover chloroform to dry, and then add methanol solution, cooling and filtration, the filter cake for the comedones crude, crude with methanol - chloroform mixed solvent recrystallisation, get comedones. For the raw drug comedones juice, total yield 0.03-0.04%.
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